Overview

Water is the essential and basic substance needed for the survival of living organisms including human beings. Water is the only substance that is not only observed everywhere around us in solid, liquid, and gaseous forms, but is closely associated with our lives. Water is not only indispensable for the survival of human beings but performs a critical role as a driving force for industries.

The usage of water has significantly changed with the development and changes in our lifestyle. Generally, the demand for water tends to increase as economic activities grow commensurate with the improvement of living standards.

For industries, water is used not only as raw material, but for cleaning and cooling purposes. The energy of water is directly used as hydropower, or used as a medium to convert into energy through a steam turbine or boiler.