Industrial Revolution refers to the 1760 to 1830 years of age, when the term industrial revolution was used from the 1830s. The person who popularized the word is Arnold Toynbee, 1852-1883, who used the term in a series of lectures given in Manchester.1) The decisive reason why Britain was able to stay ahead of the Industrial Revolution was abundant coal. The amount of coal mining in rival France was 1 million tons in 1820, 2 million tons in 1837 and 5 million tons in 1846, compared with 16 million tons in 1816 and 36 million tons in 1836 and 44 million tons in 1846 and 571 million tons in 1851.2)

The decisive turning point of the Industrial Revolution was in 1769, when James Watt (1736-1819) developed a powerful steam engine capable of operating a new type of machine in a textile factory and obtained his first patent. The miners were able to work deeper and deeper into the ground by using a steam engine powered by coal from a coal mine that was almost free of charge. In 1800, a steam engine of Watt was used in 30 coal mines, 22 copper mines, 28 steel mills, 17 breweries and 84 cotton mills. The steam pipe was regarded as both a technological core of the industrial revolution and a key machine of modern times.3)

The sight of steam erupting through the valve captured the imagination of the people of the time and had a considerable influence on language. The most expression is also associated with power. Put on (work off) team means "spur," run out of steam means "lose strength," under one's own steam," understeam means "work out" and "stem out." Then there are expressions that interpreted the eruption as a person's anger or relaxation. "Blow, work off steam" means "relax, relax," and "have steam coming out of one's ears" mean "very angry."4)

Full team head! Put your best foot forward! It was made in the prime of steam locomotives. Also called at full team. The captain of the team shaked, "Full team head!" to get his tired players out on the field.